Chronic inflammation and metabolism: what is the connection?


Issue #154

Welcome to the Food Remedies newsletter – a place to learn about metabolic health and transform your eating habits for a healthier and more vibrant life! Thank you for being here. If you enjoy the newsletter, please forward it to a lucky friend. And if this email was forwarded to you, secure your own subscription to a journey toward lasting vitality.


Hi Reader!

Inflammation is a process that involves our immune system. Metabolism is about energy production. What’s the connection between the two?

As we discussed in the article on metabolic health, faulty metabolism leads to metabolic syndrome, diabetes, cancer, and heart disease. Chronic inflammation has been blamed for the same diseases as well. How can it be? Unfortunately, it’s a vicious cycle: troubles with metabolism activate the immune system. When activated, our immune system produces chemicals called cytokines. Those pro-inflammatory chemicals negatively affect metabolic processes, exacerbating the problem.

Overeating is damaging

Overeating creates an excess supply of nutrients, which is converted into fat and stored for later use. However, an excess of nutrients also increases the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), leading to oxidative stress.

Under normal conditions, when our eating matches our energy needs, the amount of oxidation is counteracted by antioxidants. However, when there are more nutrients than the energy demand, cells produce too much ROS, overwhelming our antioxidant capacity. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are highly reactive molecules that can damage cells. This damage, known as oxidative stress, promotes systemic low-grade inflammation, which is a key factor in many chronic diseases.

Continuous overeating also leads to weight gain: an increase in fat accumulation within the fat cells and the number of fat cells.

Fat tissue

Our fat cells are not just for storage; they are an active organ. Fat tissue secretes anti-inflammatory compounds in lean people and contributes to insulin sensitivity. However, in obesity, during fat gain, our fat cells switch to producing pro-inflammatory chemicals, which, in turn, make our fat cells insulin-resistant. As a result, our blood sugar regulation and metabolism suffer, leading to more fat accumulation in the liver, muscles, and fat cells.

Although obesity is the most common component of metabolic syndrome, you can have a normal weight and still be metabolically unhealthy. Metabolic health is not just about weight; it's about how your body processes and uses energy. Tall and lean individuals with a “gut” can be just as metabolically unhealthy as obese people, as it's more about the distribution of fat and the health of your fat cells.

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